Effects of fenthion in the brain of Cyprinus carpio on antioxidant defence system, lipid peroxidation and acetylcholinesterase enzyme activities by the modulation of n-acetylcystein

The effects of low and high dose of NAC in the brain of organophosphate insecticide and avicide fenthion exposed Cyprinus carpio on GSH redox status, antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase enzyme activities, lipid peroxidation and protein levels was evaluated. Animals were injected with 0.5 mg/kg or 400 mg/kg of NAC intraperitoneally and exposed to 80% of LC50 value of fenthion for 96-h. tGSH, GSH, GSSG, MDA, and protein levels, and GR, GST, SOD, CAT, and AChE enzyme activities were determined spectrophotometrically in brain tissue at the end of the 96-h.Fenthion treatment caused an increase in tGSH and GSH levels, GSH/GSSG ratio, and a decrease in GSSG levels. CAT enzyme activity, protein and MDA levels were decrease while an increase in GST activity was observed in the brain of fenthion-exposed C. carpio. Low dose NAC injection increases the tGSH and GSH levels, GSH/GSSG ratio, and SOD and GST enzyme activities. A significant decrease in higher NAC dose was observed in GST activity and protein levels, while GSH/GSSG ratio was elevated. No inhibition in AChE enzyme activity was found by fenthion treatment.In conclusion, NAC in lower dose alleviated the oxidative stress-inducing potential of fenthion with the elevation in GSH redox capacity, GST and SOD enzyme activities. Higher NAC dose elevated the oxidative stress-inducing potential of fenthion.