Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analysis of the effect of Omega-3 on embryonic implantation in an experimental mouse model

Many mechanism are defined that play a role during implantation, however how the process is triggered remains a mistery. Defects in endometrial reseptivity are responsible for two-thirds of implantation failure, thus the investigation of positive factors on endometrial reseptivity is important. Many obstetricians encourage use of Omega-3 during pregnancy due to its antioxidant effect and being a part of cell membrane structure. According to our knowledge, there is no study published on the effect of Omega-3 nutritional support on implantation. A total of 21 mice equally divided into three groups was used for the experiment. All were kept under standart laboratory conditions. The control group was fed with standard food, the low dose group was fed with Standard food and was given 400 mg/kg of Omega-3 and the high dose group was fed with standard food and was given 1000 mg/kg Omage-3 by oral gavage. After determining the regular cycles of the mice by three-week folllow-up, Omega-3 nutrition support was started during the first estrus cycle. The mice were allowed to mate in the next cycle with one male to three females. The day after mating, vaginal plates were checked for pregnancy and mice were sacrificed on the third day of the expected implantation. Results showed that lamininand LIF immunoreactivity were increased signifcantly in the high dose group when compared to the control and low-dose groups. Similarly electronmicroscopic evaluation showed a decrease in epithelial height and microvilli loss in the high dose groups.