Determination of surface changes on sea-filled sites by PSI and precision leveling methods: The example of Şenol Güneş sports complex

Şenol Güneş Sports Complex and Stadium is one of the rare structures built on the sea fill in Turkey. Monitoring the surface changes on this structure is of great importance in terms of preventing the loss of life and property that may occur in the region. For this purpose, in this thesis, horizontal and vertical surface changes in the region were determined using precision leveling and StaMPS PSI methods. The applications were carried out in two different date intervals. Between 14.01.2018 and 28.01.2020, subsidence rates of up to -11.1 mm/y were determined as a result of precision leveling measurements carried out in 5 periods at totally 41 leveling points, which are 39 objects and 2 fixed points. By evaluating the SAR images in ascending and descending orbits in the same time interval by StaMPS method, velocity values between -12.5 mm/y - 7 mm/y and -12.4 mm/y - 8.4 mm/y were obtained respectively in the LOS directions. By interpolation and combination of these PS LOS velocity data, the horizontal (East-West) and vertical velocity values at the leveling point positions were obtained between -3.2 mm/y - 3.7 mm/y and -9.1 mm/y - 0.3 mm/y, respectively. When the vertical velocity values obtained from the leveling and StaMPS methods were compared, the average difference of 0.3 mm/y and the standard deviation of 1.2 mm/y were obtained. With the combination of ascending+descending LOS and leveling vertical velocity data, horizontal velocities in the North-South direction were obtained between -28.2 mm/y and 14.6 mm/y. As a result of the evaluation totally 191 ascending and descending SAR images between 20.12.2016 – 28.01.2020 by StaMPS method, the velocities were obtained between -7.6 mm/y - 4.6 mm/y and -9.7 mm/y - 3.9 mm/y in LOS directions and between -9.5 mm/y - 3.9 mm/y and -7.6 mm/y - 7.7 mm/y in the vertical and horizontal (East-West) directions, respectively.