Validity and reliability of the turkish version of the orthognathic quality of life questionnaire in patients with dentofacial deformity

Dentofacial problems are one of the most important health problems affecting the quality of life of individuals in the field of dentistry. The main reason why individuals want to be treated in dentofacial problems, which is a developmental and chronic condition, arises from the social handicaps of abnormal facial appearance. Functional problems such as difficulty in chewing, discomfort and pain (especially due to TMJ dysfunction) are also effective in the need for treatment, but are generally overshadowed by the negative effects of the patient's facial appearance in social terms. Therefore, it directly turns into a quality of life issue. The aim of this study is to translate the English version of Orthognatic Quality of Life Questionnaire into Turkish and to provide cultural adaptation to the Turkish population. The cross-cultural adaptation process followed the guidelines proposed by Beaton et al., which comprised six stages: Stage I, initial translation; Stage II, synthesis of the translation; Stage III, back translation; Stage IV, expert committee; and Stage V, test of the pre-final version. The section (Stage VI) was a suggested appraisal process whereby an advisory committee or the developers reviewed the process and determined whether this is an acceptable translation. During the validation process, the results of the Orthognatic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ) were compared with OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Scale-14), SF-36 (Short Form-36) questionnaires and VAS (Visual Analogue Scale), which were previously validated and validated in Turkish. The details of the studies were explained to the patients participating in the study, and an informed consent form was signed by these patients. Patients with diagnosis of Class II or Class III skeletal deformities, anterior open bite, laterognathia, vertical maxillary excess, or combinations of these, patients who had an indication for orthognathic surgery, whose orthodontic treatment had not begun before surgery, who had completed growth development, and who speaks Turkish were included in the study. Patients with previous orthognathic surgery, a history of maxillofacial trauma, edentulous, cleft lip and palate, craniofacial deformity, mental retardation and any syndroms were excluded from the study. Turkish version of these three questionnaires was applied to 69 patients in Cukurova University Faculty of Dentistry (OHIP-14, SF-36, OQLQ). In addition, a VAS assessment was made, in which the patient would score his / her appearance and function. OQLQ test was applied a second time to patients after a week. The mean age of 69 patients included in the study was 23.57 ± 6.61 (min: 18 max: 51). In reliability analysis, cronbach alpha numbers in the subgroup of OQLQ are; social aspects of the deformity were 0.944 (p<0.001), 0.873 (p<0.001) in the facial aesthetic subgroup, 0.894 (p<0.001) in the oral function subgroup, 0.887 (p<0.001) in the deformity awareness subgroup. When the validity of the OQLQ questionnaire was analyzed, it was found that the relationship between the subgroups of SF-36 and the OQLQ questionnaire was weak, the oral function subgroup of OQLQ showed a high correlation with the functional limitation subgroup of OHIP-14 and the other subgroups showed moderate correlation between questionnaires. VAS assessment showed a high correlation with the oral function subgroup of OQLQ, the other subgroups showed moderate correlation. According to the results of this study, the Turkish version of OQLQ was found to be valid and reliable. The fact that this questionnaire is reproducible, valid and reliable has made it a useful instrument for evaluating the quality of life of patients with dentofacial deformity and who speak Turkish. Keywords: Dentofacial Deformity, OQLQ, Quality of Life, Psychological Assessment, Life Quality