Determination of bioactive peptide production potentials of lactic acid bacteria isolated from some traditional dairy products

The ability of LAB to release bioactive peptides is strain dependent. In the present study, pH, titratable acidity, viable microbial count, WSE protein, peptide profiles, antioxidant, phenolic activity, antibacterial and ACE inhibition activities in fermented milk produced different LAB were examined on the 1st,14th, and 28th day of storage. Sample made with Lb. bulgaricus produced the lowest pH. However, sample with Lc. lactis NCCB 100539 produced the highest. Samples with Lb. bulgaricus 23 and Lb. helveticus 11-B2 presented the highest acidity whereas sample with S. thermophilus K16 had the least. Sample produced with S. thermophilus K16 had the highest viable microbial count while sample with Lb. bulgaricus 23 registered the least on day 1. The sample with Lb. helveticus 9-B5 presented the highest protein content while the samples with Lb. paraplantarum NCCB 100524 had the least. Peptide profiles were identified by RP-HPLC. Increase of peptide number was noticed during storage days and sample with Lb. brevis NCCB 100526 produced the highest number of peaks. The results of DPPH showed that the highest antioxidant activity was observed in sample with S. thermophilus K16 while sample made with Lb. brevis NCCB 100526 produced the least. Sample with Lb. brevis NCCB 100526 produced the highest total phenolic content throughout the storage days. Samples with Lb. paraplantarum NCCB 100524 had the highest ACE inhibition activities. For antibacterial activity, the highest inhibition was observed against Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) by sample with Lb. paraplantarum NCCB 100524. Despite a number of studies about bioactive peptide formations and bioavailability in dairy products especially in cheese, there are limited studies on the functional properties of our own endemic cultures and bioactive peptide formations in fermented milk yet they have functional potentials as illustrated in our findings. According to the results obtained from our study, it is possible to produce traditional functional products using our LAB strains. However, in order to produce naturally traditional products, there is need to determine the molecular and biochemical characteristics of these strains isolated from natural sources to establish their technological properties.