Peripheral artery disease frequency in diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidemia who apply to family medicine outpatient clinics of Dicle University Medical Faculty

ABSTRACT Introduction and Aim: Peripheral artery disease (PAH) is common, ın the etiology of atherosclerosis, it is a disease with high prevalence and high morbidity. Although atherosclerosis affects the coronary and head and neck vascular structures, the definition of PAH is frequently used as atherosclerotic disease of the lower extremity arteries. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of PAH in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM), Hypertension (HT) and Hyperlipidemia (HL) who were admitted to Dicle University Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic and to the control group patients who did not have these diseases. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of DM, HT, HL patients and healthy control group who were admitted to Dicle University Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic between April 1, 2018 and July 1, 2018. A total of 200 patients were included in the study. The questions in the sociodemographic data form were asked by the individual investigator with face to face method. After asking all the questions in the sociodemographic data form, ABI was measured. ABI measurement was made by ABPI-MESI device which is present in our hospital. Values of ABI≤0.9 were considered significant for the diagnosis of PAH. Data were evaluated as p<0.05 by using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) 24.0 program. Results: The mean age of the patients was 55.25±14.66. Of the participants, 79 (39.5%) were male and 121 (60.5%) were female. The mean height of the subjects was 164.75±8.95, their mean weight was 74.67±13.25, and the mean BMI was 27.49±4.84. The mean ABI of left extremity was 1.11±0.12 and the ABI right extremity was 1.12±0.13. Statistically significant difference was found between the ABI mean of the patients with DM and the control group (p=0.003). Conclusion: The prevalence of major risk factors for vascular disease in our society is known to be quite high. For this reason, it is very important to discontinue smoking before primary prevention, to apply a healthy diet starting from childhood and to perform regular physical activity. PAH screening can be made more common with the ABI measurement method, which is a simple and inexpensive method for early diagnosis and treatment. Key words: Peripheral artery disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia