The effects of digitalization on aviation businesses: The case of Turkey

This study examines the effects of digitalization on aviation companies using qualitative research methods. Conducted within an embedded single case study design, the research focuses on Turkish Airlines, Istanbul Airport, and General Directorate of State Airports Authority as sample cases. Semi-structured interviews were used in the data collection process, and the data obtained were evaluated using thematic analysis. The findings reveal that digitalization is not limited to technical infrastructure and cost efficiency; it also contributes to the reshaping of organizational structures, the transformation of human resources based on digital competencies, and increased customer satisfaction and competitiveness. At Turkısh Airlines, digital transformation has increased efficiency in flight operations, maintenance, and customer services, while at Istanbul Airport, smart airport applications, data-driven management systems, and AI-supported processes have strengthened operational sustainability. At General Directorate of State Airports Authority, digitalization has developed institutional capacity in areas such as air traffic management, cyber security, remote tower systems, and the renewal of electronic navigation infrastructure. The research results show that digital solutions are integrated with sustainability and long-term strategic goals; however, high investment costs, integration difficulties, and cybersecurity risks constitute the fundamental problems of the process. It is evident that digitalization in aviation businesses is not merely a technological innovation but also constitutes a fundamental transformation in corporate culture and strategic management understanding.