Felsefe tarihinde işbölümü

In Plato's The Republic, Socrates and the others attempt to research what justice itself is in the city is built on the basis of the principle of the division of labor. This city is what should be according to Plato. Two thousand two hundred years after The Republic, in their work entitled The German Ideology, Marx and Engels describe what should be in a society. These two approaches seem to be opposites at first look: On the one hand, one job is assigned to one man, on the other hand, numerous jobs are assigned to one man. The historical gap between the two books is as great as philosophy's history itself. As a result, this research on this issue is only conceivable with a vertical reading of the division of labor in the history of philosophy. We can therefore ask the question like this: How can the conception of the division of labor in Plato and that in Marx be evaluated as radically opposed, given the division of labor in the history of philosophy? To answer this question, we examine the conceptions of the division of labor of Xenophon, Plato, Aristotle, Adam Smith, Marx and Engels.