Evaluation of diabetic and non-diabetic overweight and obese patients in terms of NON-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by anthropometric measurements, scoring, ultrasonography and fibroscan method

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease NAFLD is the most common chronic liver disease in the world that causes liver-related complications such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. Obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are metabolic risk factors for NAFLD. It is of great importance to evaluate the presence of NAFLD and fibrosis in these patient groups. In our study, overweight and obese patients (n=106); were analyzed in 2 groups as diabetic (n=54) and non-diabetic (n=52). Ultrasonography (USG) and Fibroscan CAP (Controlled Attenuation Parameter) were used as steatosis markers for NAFLD. In terms of fibrosis, Fibrometer-4 (FIB-4) score, NAFLD Fibrosis Score (NFS) and Fibroscan LSM (Liver Stiffness Measurement) as imaging method were evaluated non-invasively. With steatosis and fibrosis measurements; The relations between the general and anthropometric characteristics, accompanying morbidities and laboratory values of the patients were determined. The frequency of NAFLD in the general study population was found to be 82.1% with Fibroscan CAP and USG. In the diabetic subgroup, it was detected 90.4% by Fibroscan CAP and 94.4% by USG. While USG and Fibroscan CAP were similar in the diagnosis of NAFLD, Fibroscan CAP was superior in determining the degree of steatosis. The simultaneous measurement of steatosis and fibrosis and the ability to measure with the XL probe in obese patients were the superior features of Fibroscan. Obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia and MetS increased the frequency of NAFLD and possible NASH. In diabetics, obese and metabolically high risk groups for NAFLD and NASH; It will be beneficial to use Fibroscan as a steatosis and fibrosis imaging method; The use of NFS as a scoring method together with Fibroscan in predicting fibrosis will be an appropriate approach to reduce the need for liver biopsy. Keywords: Obesity, Diabetes, NAFLD, NFS, Fibroscan