Comparison of the severity of covid-19 infection between diabetic and none- diabetic patients

The majority of research has shown that diabetic individuals who develop COVID-19 have a poorer prognosis and a higher death rate than those who do not acquire COVID-19. It is unknown what causes diabetes to exacerbate the symptoms of COVID-19 infection to a greater degree. Several studies have been conducted since the beginning of the coronavirus disease pandemic in 2019 (COVID-19) to discover laboratory determinants of this illness's course. The finding of laboratory biomarkers related to COVID-19 also helped shed insight into the pathological processes involved in the disease. This case-control study enrolled participants between June and December 2021. One hundred participants were divided into two groups: diabetics infected with COVID-19 and nondiabetics of the same age and gender serving as controls. Both groups were tested for COVID-19 using a single-use transport medium and nasopharyngeal swabs. This swab was transported to the lab to extract viral nucleic acid and utilize a PCR-fluorescent probe to locate the virus for collecting upper respiratory discharge. In addition, up to 3 ml of whole blood was collected from each participant to investigate other markers associated with the severity of infection among study groups. The mean age was over 40 years for both groups, and the male proportion was higher than the female proportion. In addition, the serum concentrations of interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer, and ferritin were more elevated in diabetic COVID-19 patients than in nondiabetic patients. A positive correlation was found between C-reactive protein concentration, lactate dehydrogenase, and D-dimer, as well as a positive correlation between lactate dehydrogenase concentration and ferritin concentration. In conclusion, Patients with diabetes who have COVID-19 seem to be at a greater risk of severe disease from COVID-19 than those who do not have diabetes because of persistent inflammation and inadequate immune response, which results in a poorer prognosis for these patients.