Investigation of glycemic, cholesterolemic and antioxidant properties of olive leaf extract in diabetic rats

Studies have shown that free radicals and lipid peroxidation increase significantly in diabetic patients, and oxidative stress plays an important role in the etiology and progression of diabetes. In recent years, various studies have been carried out on antioxidant potentials of various plants in order to control oxidative stress, which is a significant contributor to the basis of many diseases. In the study, it was aimed to investigate the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of the liquid extract obtained from the collected fresh leaves of Olea europaea var oleaster in the diabetic model rats. Thirty-two Wistar albino rats aged 12-13 weeks were used in the study. The rats were grouped into the control group (C), the diabetic control group (DC), the diabetic group treated with 200 mg olive leaf extract (D + 200) and the diabetic group treated with 400 mg / kg olive leaf extract (D + 400) and there are 8 rats in each group. At the end of the study, all rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood samples collected from the heart were centrifuged and glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, urea, uric acid, creatinine, ALT and AST levels were determined. Hemoglobin A1C analysis was also performed on complete blood samples. For antioxidant capacity measurement, native and total thiol and lipid hydroperoxide analysis were performed. At the end of the study, it was observed that olive leaf extract prevented weight loss in diabetic rats and had no effect on glucose and hemoglobin A1c levels. It was also observed that low-dose olive leaf extract reduced total cholesterol and urea levels in a statistically significant manner and olive leaf extract decreased serum ALT and AST levels in a clinically significant manner. Moreover, it was observed that high-dose olive leaf extract increased serum native and total thiol levels in a clinically significant manner. As a result, it can be said that olive leaf extract can not protect against hyperglycemia but it may be protective against dyslipidemia, oxidative stress and oxidatif stres related organ damage caused by diabetes.