Agronomical and technological researches on Origanum onites L. in Diyarbakır ecological conditions

This study was carried out to determine some technological and agronomical properties ofOriganum onites L. in Diyarbakır ecological conditions during 2002-2004. The experimental wasrandomized complete block design with four replications. In this study, the effects of four intra-rowspacing ( 20, 30, 40 and 50 cm) and two cuttings made one year on quality and yield wereinvestigated. Fresh herbal yield, drug herbal yield, drug leaf yield, plant height, canopy diameter, drugleaf / stem rate, essential oil content, α-pinen, β-pinen, α-terpinen, cineol, γ-terpinen, linalool, borneoland as carvacrol content were evaluated.According to the results of this study, differences between two cuttings except drug yield werefound to be significant for all properties studied. In other hand, cineol and γ-terpinen contents weresignificantly affected by different intra-row spacings, otherwise these treatments had no significanteffect on other properties. Intra-row spacing x cutting interaction was significant for only carvacrolcontent.The results of study showed that mean fresh herbal yield were 1381.7 kg/da for first cutting,1199.4 kg/da for second cutting; drug herbal yield, 473.9 kg/da for first cutting, 428.7 kg/da forsecond cutting; drug leaf yield, 222.8 kg/da for first cutting, 314.5 kg/da for second cutting; drug leaf /stem rate, 47.2 % for first cutting, 73 % for second cutting; plant height 47.6 cm for first cutting, 25.9cm for second cutting; canopy diameter 46.4 cm for first cutting, 42.4 for second cutting; essential oilcontent, 1.88 % for first cutting, 1.59 % for second cutting; α-pinen content 0.67 % for first cutting,1.09 % for second cutting; β-pinen content, 1.64 % for first cutting, 1.33 % for second cutting; α-terpinen content, 1.56 % for first cutting, 1.36 % for second cutting; cineol content, 5.98 % for firstcutting, 13.39 for second cutting; γ-terpinen content 5.49 % for first cutting, 5.93 % for secondcutting; linalool content, 3.87 % for first cutting, 2.38 % for second cutting; borneol content, 1.60 %for first cutting, 1.91 % for second cutting and carvacrol content 62.73 % for first cutting, 45.12 % forsecond cutting.Key Words : Origanum, Plant density, Essential oil, Essential oil component