The effect of some enviromental factors on cocoon quality properties in farms reared silkworm breeding under the conditions of Kulp district of Diyarbakir

In this thesis study, we objectived to determine some environmental and production traits in silkworm farms with different production capacity operating in the districts of Kulp which is 130 km away from Diyarbakır. 20 of the silkworm farms in which the research was conducted were selected as the farms where environmental measurements (temperature, humidity, light CO2) and the wet cocoons produced in these farms were sampled. These farms selected are divided into based on capasity as small, medium and large capacity farms, taking into account the number of boxes they buy. The silkworms used in the study consisted of MxN hybrids obtained from Chinese (M) and Japanese (N) pure lines raised by Kozabirlik for breeding aims in 2018. In the silkworm farms where the study was conducted, the values for temperature (oC), humidity (%), light (lux) and carbondioxide (ppm) mean values were 28,4±0,4; 60,7±2,3, 41±12,2 ve 1467±150, respectively. The differences between small, medium and large sized silkworm farms for temperature and humidity among the studied environmental properties were found to be statistically significant (P <0.05). In the study, cocoon yield was 31,6±1,5 kg. From cocoon quality properties fresh cocoon weight (g), fresh cocoon weight without pupa (g), dry cocoon weight (gr), dry cocoon weight without pupa (g), cocoon length (cm), cocoon width (cm), cocoon shell ratio (%), filament length, filament denier (den), single cocoon weight (g), the cocoon weight of the part that cannot be withdrawn from the cocoon (g), dry cocoon yield compared to wet boll (%), cocoon quantity per liter ; cocoon amount in kg, the rate of faulty cocoon (%) were 1,92±0,06, 0,41±0,02, 0,73±0,03, 0,37±0,02, 3,41±0,05, 1,89±0,03, 21,3±0,6, 1222±35, 2,76±0,08, 0,365±0,014, 0,03±0,005, 38,5±1,7; 67±3, 547,15±22 and 18,7±1,6, respectively. The correlations between the environmental factors measured in the current study and the quality properties of the cocoon differed according to the environmental measurement and the quality of the cocoon. It was observed that there was only a negative correlation between the carbon dioxide ratio and silk richness (r = -0,560) (p<0.05). As a result, it was stated that a traditional production method was maintained in the region where the research was carried out and that sufficient regulations were not included in terms of the environmental properties examined and that the researched cocoon quality traits were affected. Keywords: Cocoon, cocoon quality, silkworm, Diyarbakır, environmental measurements,