Development of a new method to reduce the evaporationof light hydrocarbons from diesel tanks

Evaporation of light hydrocarbons from fuel tanks can occur at any temperature and under all environmental conditions. Environmental pollution occurs, the health of employees and society are adversely affected. Since the physical and chemical properties of the fuel may change, the quality of the fuel and therefore the economy of the country is adversely affected. For these reasons, effective methods are being studied to control the evaporation of light hydrocarbons. In this thesis, four organic compounds (OC) were prepared in different ratios (I:1/1, II:1/2, III: 1/3, IV:1/4 w/w) by using EDTA and NaOH to reduce the evaporation rate of light hydrocarbons occurring in diesel tanks. The prepared OCs were added to the diesel in the saturated vapor pressure meter chamber of our own design and the saturated vapor pressures were measured. At the end of the study, the optimum concentration, percentage of saturated vapor pressure reduction and the effective residence time of the OCs during the withdrawal and addition of diesel from the tank were determined for each OC. Accordingly, when OC (I, II, III and IV) compounds were added once into the tank containing Iraqi diesel, the evaporation rates of light hydrocarbons from the tank were determined as 60.43%, 64.40, 78.87 and 88.73%, respectively. After adding OCs (I, II, III and IV) at optimum concentrations (2, 1.75, 1.75 and 1.5 ppm) to the tanks, it was observed that their effectiveness during diesel dischargeaddition processes continued 23, 28, 35 and 48 times, respectively. Among the OCs prepared, the OC-IV compound was determined as the most effective compound. As a result of this study, low-cost, easily accessible, easy-to-apply, efficient and environmentally friendly OCs have been produced with the ability to stay in the tank repeatedly. Developed OCs did not change the physical properties of diesel. A domestic device has been designed by us to measure the saturated vapor pressure. The developed OCs offer the opportunity to be applied to all petroleum derivatives, different types of tanks, and different countries with different climatic conditions.