The research of satsuma dwraf virus (SDV) and citrus chlorotic dwarf virus (CCDaV) in Eastern Mediterranean region nursery and satsuma growing area and molecular characterization

Citrus is an economically important fruit in Turkey. Çukurova plain is the most important citrus production area in the East Mediterranean Region (EMR) where %85 of total citrus production of Turkey is produced in this area.A sörvey program was conducted to determine the distribution of Citrus chlorotic dwarf-associated virus(CCDaV)and Satsuma dwarf Vırus(SDV) diseases on Satsuma field and nurseries in the EMR of Turkey.The sörvey study was carried out according to macroscopic symptoms taking into leaf deformations and cholorotic flecking on young leaves. According to the sörvey results the highest infection rate was 11.7% of satsuma mandarin trees in field with CCDaV in Hatay city.The extensive nursery sörveys have shown that 2 nurseries in Adana 2 nurseries in Mersin and 6 nurseies in Hatay have infected with CCDaV in satsuma mandarin seedlings at EMR. DNA extraction was conducted from ten samples of symptomatic sour orange, and then PCR tests were performed with Citrus chlorotic dwarf-associated virus(CCDaV) primers (sense: 5′-GTTCTGTGTTTCGCCCGTT-3′and antisense: 5′-GGGATTCGCATGGATAGCTCATCCAA-3′), designed based on the CCDaV genome. BLAST search showed that CCDaV isolates from Satsuma mandarin had more than 98% nucleotide sequence identity with the corresponding region of CCDaV in Genbank isolates.Field studies showed that SDV was not widespread in satsuma plantations and nurseries in East Mediterranean region in Turkey. Trees affected with SDV became dwarfed and showed abnormal leaves like boat and spoon shape. Nursery plants also showed the same symptoms like field trees.The infection rates of satsuma mandarin cultivars in field 5% in Adana and Mersin 10% in Hatay province. The infected plants showed the expected size of SDV coat protein fragment (342) which was absent in the healthy plants. Blast analysis showed that nucleotide sequences had greater than 98% nucleotide identity with corresponding region of SDV reference genomes in NCBI genbank. Keywords:CCDaV, Satsuma mandarin, SDV, Citrus virus, Turkey