Eastern Mediterranean region and grows orchids with the threat of habitat characteristics to investigate factors

In eastern Mediterranean Region, 75 taxa (13 species) grow in wild flora. In the regions from Mersin to Kahramanmaraş where the altitude varies between 0 to 1777 m, 37 orchid species were determined. As a result of canonical integration analysis the altitude was found as the most influential environmental factor on the distribution of orchid species. Although no species, which is specific for Mediterran-Montan climatic zone, were determined, 5 Sub-mediterran and 9 Mediterran species have been identified in frame of this study. According to results orchids can be selective in terms of N, P, K and C needs in soil, sand quantity and light requirement. The surveyed plants are mostly influenced by rural residential, social and agricultural activities, grazing and vehicle traffic. In three years it has been observed that some of plots, which amount is 20.5% were destroyed. Protected places, cemeteries and forests are most conserved areas. From the point of spreading and frequency in growing areas the categories of some species should be changed in the red book. As there are new records with two species in the region, distribution of new species should be determined again. To protect orchids the distribution areas should be determined. In the regions where the conservation is necessary, it should be done immediately.