The effect of OMEGA3 polyunsaturated fatty acid and krill oil on the ovarian reserve in rat model

The Effect of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid and Krill Oil on The Ovarian Reserve in Rat Model Infertility is the inability to get pregnant with regular intercourse for 1 year without using a contraceptive method. It affects 15% of the couples in reproductive age. Inflammation and oxidative stress are involved in ovulation and implantation. Omega-3 plays an active role in the antioxidant system. Krill oil contains Omega-3 fatty acids, phospholipids, choline, astaxanthin and potent antioxidants.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Omega-3 and Krill oil supplementation on antral follicle count in regards to the number of follicles undergoing atresia and the change in serum AMH levels.This study was done with 24 female Sprague-Dawley female rats 100±20 grams during 4 oestrus cycles. No additional supplemantation products were given to Group 1. The second and the third groups were given Omega-3-LCPUFA (450mg/kg/day) and Krill oil (500mg/kg/day) by gastric gavage respectively. Serum AMH levels were examined at the beginning and end of the study, In the immunohistochemical analysis, primordial, primary, preantral, antral and atresic follicles and corpus luteums were counted. The study was carried out by using double blind method, statistical package program.SPSS for Windows 22.00, p <0.05 was considered as the significance level.Number of primordial follicles in the control group was higher compared to the Omega-3 group(p=0.034); and primary follicle count in the Krill oil group was higher than the Omega-3 group(p=0.035). There was no difference between the groups in terms of preantral, antral follicle and total follicle numbers. Number of corpus luteums in the control group was higher than the Omega-3 group(p=0.044). The highest atresic follicle percentages were in the Omega-3 group(p=0.00). The change in AMH values before and after the study was statistically insignificant in all groups(p=0,161).In this study, Krill oil and Omega-3 fatty acid supplemantation in rats were not shown to affect the follicle reserve positively in terms of histological and serum parameters. In order to discover the agents that can be safely administered in the treatment of low ovarian reserve which is one of the most important causes of infertility, new comprehensive and randomized studies are needed. Keywords: İnfertilty, ovarian reserve, Omega-3, Krill oil, AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone), follicle, atresia.