Comparison of different methods in determining the morphology of frozen-frosted holstein bull sperm

The most important cause of infertility in animals is due to defects in the spermatozoa and acrosome in the ejaculate. Sperm morphology is a very important indicator of male reproductive capacity. There are many methods for detecting morphological disorders in sperm. In this thesis study, the evaluation of sperm morphology in frozen-thawed bull semen, determination of abnormal spermatozoa ratio in frozen-thawed semen using liquid fixation method (Hancock), staining with SpermBlue®, Spermac®, Diff-Quick® and Papanicolaou®. It is aimed to evaluate the applicability, validity and accuracy of the different methods used and to reveal the differences and similarities between the findings obtained by different methods in determining the abnormal spermatozoa ratio. 0.25 ml frozen straws obtained from semen (n:50) collected on the same date and under common conditions from Holstein bulls were used. Five different methods mentioned above were used to determine the abnormal spermatozoa rate. Abnormality of the head-acrosome part, the body part, and the tail part were evaluated separately. When the abnormality results of the head-acrosome part were evaluated, the results obtained with Spermac®, Diff-Quick® and Papanicolaou® showed statistically similarity (p>0.05). When the abnormality results of the trunk part were evaluated, the results obtained with Hancock and SpermBlue® showed statistical significance (p>0.05). When the abnormality results of the body part were evaluated, the results obtained with all methods showed statistically similarity (p>0.05). As a result of our thesis study, Diff-Quick®, Papanicolaou® and Spermac® methods are more consistent among each other and it is recommended to be preferred in terms of confirming each other among these five methods in the evaluation of abnormal spermatozoa