The effect of modernism on personality and consciousness in the works "The Transformation" and "The Man In The Street" in a sociological and philosophical context

This study aims to analyze the effects of modernism on personality and consciousness in Franz Kafka's The Transformation and Attila İlhan's The Man in the Street from a sociological and philosophical perspective. The alienation, loneliness, individualization and belonging problems brought about by modernism are discussed in depth in both works through the inner worlds and social positions of the main characters. The individual reactions developed by Hasan and Gregor Samsa against the norms imposed by modern society make a questioning process at the level of consciousness visible. How these processes are represented in different historical and cultural contexts and their effects on the characters' self-realization processes are analyzed comparatively. In these works belonging to two different periods and cultures, the problems caused by modernism in the individual's spiritual structure are presented with similar thematic themes. The study was conducted with an interdisciplinary method by evaluating literary texts not only as aesthetic products but also as objects of sociological and philosophical analysis. The comparative examination of the works allows the observation of the reflections of the effects of modernism on the individual in different geographies. In addition, it makes visible a universal criticism directed at the modern world through the self-realization efforts of the main characters. Despite cultural differences, these two works, which point to similar individual and social problems, have a universal quality in the context of the concept of Weltliteratur (world literature) and provide a strong source for understanding how common human experiences are shaped in world literature. In this respect, the thesis differs from previous studies by focusing on the individual-society relationship in the modern period under the titles of consciousness, personality and self-realization, and offers the reader different perspectives and the opportunity to evaluate from a contemporary perspective.