Production of Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. rich ( squirting cucumber) callus cultures and investigation of, antimicrobial and various biochemical properties

In this study, production of callus cultures from leaf and leaf stem of Ecballium elaterium, which is grown on the Faculty of Science in Campus Area of Fırat University, in Elazığ, is being studied. And also the aim of this study was to investigate antimicrobial and various biochemical properties. In the first stage, BAP, NAA, KIN and 2,4 D were added in different concentrations of plant hormones in the appropriate medium to produce callus from the leaf and leaves of the plant and callus is formed. Extracts were prepared by using different solvents from the formed callus and Ecballium elaterium. With prepared extracts Antimicrobial activites were determined by Agar diffusion method, 1 gram of positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and 1 gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) were used with Candida globrata yeast. In MIC method, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptecoccus sp. yest were used. An antimicrobial effect was detected with in inhibition zone of 22.5 mm on the extract of the callus obtained from the callus culture developed with 0.5 mg/Lt BAP + 2 mg/Lt NAA plant growth modifier in Agar diffusion. In the MIC method, antimicrobial effect of Ecballium elaterium plant and callus cultures ranged from 1-0,0625 mg/mL. In addition, various biochemical characteristics of Ecballium elaterium plant and callus were investigated using HPLC and GC devices. As a result of analyzes, the fatty acid in the leaf part of the plant α linolenic acid (% 42.4) , Palmitic acid (% 30.9) and Stearic asit (% 7.41) was found to be the highest. The results showed a great parallelism in the stem section. It was observed that the fatty acid and vitamin ratios varied according to the plant in the callus samples prepared with growth factors in different concentrations.