Studies on molecular identification of isolates and control with natural agents botrytis spp. from some agricultural products in the Edirne province

Within the scope of this study, morphological and molecular identification of Botrytis spp. isolates isolated from some agricultural crops in Edirne province were carried out and then the antifungal effects of powders and extracts obtained from various plants on these isolates were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. A total of six Botrytis isolates (E1, E2, E3, E6, F1, F2) were used in the study. In pathogenicity tests, isolates E3, F2 and F1 showed high pathogenicity on apple; E6, E3 and E1 showed high pathogenicity on tomato, respectively. When mycelial growth inhibition (MBI) was evaluated by adding plant powders directly to solid medium in in vitro trials, the roots of iren plant showed 100% inhibition on all isolates, while frankincense, amber bark and mustard seed powders provided 100% inhibition on some isolates. When the volatile compounds of plant powders were tested, it was found that iren and mustard provided 100% inhibition on all isolates. High antifungal activity was also detected in plants such as foxglove, syrinx, chiriris and cavşır, while volatile compounds of plants such as gurmar, şahtere and karahalile were generally ineffective. In the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFK) tests performed by microdilution method, it was observed that E1, E2 and E3 isolates were more susceptible and high antifungal effect of amber, mustard, kenger, aronia and marjoram extracts were found with MIC values of 0.312 mg/mL When the MFC values were analyzed, mustard and amber extracts were in the most effective group with an MFC value of 0.625 mg/mLin isolate E2, marjoram extract in isolate E3 and chokeberry extract in isolate E6. In isolates F1 and F2, the effective MFC for most plant extracts was 2.5 mg/mL. In conid germination inhibition (%CI) experiments, asphodel, radix gundeliae and aronia extracts provided 100% inhibition at a concentration of 0.312 mg/mL in isolate E3. For isolates F1 i and F2, 100% CIC was generally found at concentrations of 1.25-5.0 mg/mL of the extracts, and these isolates were more resistant. The lowest concentration of 72% of the CCI was found in the amber and frankincense extract at 0.08 mg/mL. In in vivo trials, in protective applications of extracts on tomato, foxglove extract provided 100% disease inhibition in Botrytis E1, E2 and E6 isolates. When the therapeutic effect of the extracts applied after 24 hours was evaluated, it was observed that the plant extracts significantly reduced the severity of the disease. Iren and endive extracts showed the highest therapeutic effect in isolates E1, E2, E6 and F1. In the therapeutic treatments, disease inhibition rates were generally higher than the protective treatments. In conclusion, this study revealed that some plant powders and extracts showed strong antifungal effects against Botrytis spp. isolates isolated from the Edirne region; natural plant-derived compounds were used as biological control agents.