EFQM kalite mükemmeliyet modelinin Türk gemi geri dönüşüm endüstrisine uygulanması

Ship recycling is known as a "green industry" due to its contributions to the global conservation of resources. Five main countries in the world conduct more than 95% of the world's total ship recycling volume (India, Bangladesh, China, Pakistan and Turkey). For some nations, the recycled materials play an essential role in their local and national economy. Besides, the ship recycling provides many job opportunities in the related countries as a labour-intensive industry. However, ship recycling struggles with many challenges mostly about the environment and human health issues, especially in South Asian ship recycling nations. Common use of the beaching method is the biggest factor, which lowers the standards of the working conditions and capability of the environment friendly movements . Apart from the environmental impact of toxic substances that originated from the obsolete vessels, they are mixed with the beach sand in the ship-recycling zone, which is also the workplace for employees. In addition to this, asbestos is a major threat for employees' health, as they could be exposed to it during unsafe operations. Heretofore, there are mounting evidences indicate that ship recycling have not been carried out properly most of its operations despite the efforts of international bodies such as International Maritime Organizaton (IMO) and International Labour Organization (ILO). The most noticeable effort stands as the Hong Kong International Convention for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships, which has been adopted by IMO in 2009. The intention is regularizing the industry comprehensively as a main instrument. However, the Convention has not entried into force yet. Turkey and China are known as two promising ship recycling nations when it comes to environmentally sound operations and relatively high working conditions. Turkey is also the most steel scrap importing country in the world by a very big margin. For that reason, the importance of ship recycling for Turkey is considerably high due to gaining cheaper steel scrap for the economy. Nevertheless, Turkish ship recycling industry has its own problems that pending to be resolved. For that reason, the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) has been applied to Turkish ship recycling industry in order to measure current situation of the industry, reveal the weak and strong points, and suggest improvements to reach sustainable development. The EFQM has been applied through a ship-recycling-adapted field survey that responded by academic and industrial perspectives, elaborately. Responses are analyzed with RADAR logic and findings are demonstrated transparently. According to criterions of the EFQM, the weakest points of the industry are found as follows respectively; leadership, society results, strategy, and processes, while the strongest points are respectively; people results and people.