Umayyad heads of state marriages and marriage ceremonies

The Umayyad State covers an important period in history in terms of shaping Islamic History after the period of the Rashidun Caliphate, that is, it ruled between 661 and 750, and for this reason it occupied an important position. Considering the period, it is known that the Umayyads spread Islam through conquests from India to North Africa and in the west to Southern France. Of course, the biggest share in the spread of Islam to such a wide geography during the approximately ninety-year Umayyad rule was the rulers at the head of the state, that is, the Umayyad Caliphs. Since the Umayyad rulers belonged to the Quraysh Tribe called Beni Umayya, they were called Sufyanis in the first period of their reign (661) and later (after Mervan b. Hakem came to power - 684) they were called Mervanis. The Umayyad State has always been in the spotlight due to fundamental problems such as the change in the state administration over time, that is, the transition from the Sufyanis to the Mervanis, the political consequences of the marriages, and the transformation of the administrative system into a sultanate. The Institution of Marriage is the most fundamental cornerstone that ensures the continuation of a society. Although periods vary throughout history, the institution of marriage and family have always existed and have been among the most important issues. In the lands where Islam was born, from the period of ignorance to the Umayyads, the institution of marriage and family structure went through very different phases, not only preparing the ground for different situations, but also seeing itself as the ground and shaping the events on it. Because if we consider that not all Umayyad Caliphs were born and raised on the same lands, we can better understand what kind of difference the habits, traditions, and customs they brought with them added to this institution.