Investigation of the effect of vitamin C on the kidney, liver and brain tissues of rats administered endosulfan

Endosulfan is an organochlorine insecticide that causes environmental pollution in air, soil, water and vegetation due to its persistence. Imprudent use of Endosulfan in agricultural and animal husbandry practices has made it a significant threat to human health. In this study, it was aimed to examine the damage that may occur in the kidney, liver and brain tissues of rats experimentally administered endosulfan by histopathological methods, its effect on asprosin immunoreactivity in these tissues by histochemical staining, and to investigate the protective effect of vitamin C against all these effects. 8-10-week-old male rats used in the study were divided into five groups. Experimental groups; It was formed as Control (Group I), Vitamin C (Group II), Corn oil (Group III), Endosulfan (Group IV), Endosulfan + Vitamin C (Group V). No application was made to the rats in Group I. Rats in Group II were given 20 mg/kg of Vitamin C every day for 10 days, rats in Group III were given 1 mg/kg of corn oil every day for 10 days, and rats in Group IV were given 10 mg/kg of endosulfan orally every day for 10 days given by gavage. Rats in Group V were given 10 mg/kg endosulfan + 20 mg/kg Vitamin C orally for 10 days. At the end of the experiment, the animals were decapitated under anesthesia, brain, kidney and liver samples were taken, and routine tissue monitoring was performed. Hematoxylin-Eosin and Masson's triple staining was applied to serial sections obtained from paraffin blocks, evaluated under a light microscope, and photographed. When kidney tissues belonging to the endosulfan group are examined histologically, in the cortex; Local dilatation in the proximal and distal tubules and degeneration in the epithelium of the proximal and distal tubules were observed. In the medulla, dilatation in the loop of Henle and occasional shedding and vacuolization were detected in the epithelium of the tubule collectivus, tubulus proximalis, and tubulus distalis. It was noted that these findings were significantly reduced in the Endosulfan + Vitamin C group. Asprosin immunopositivity were significantly decreased in the Endosulfan group compared to the CNT, Corn Oil, and Vit C groups. Asprosin immunopositivity were observed to be increased in the Endosulfan + Vitamin C group compared to the Endosulfan group. When liver tissues belonging to the endosulfan group were examined histologically; marked hemorrhage, sinusoidal dilatation, degeneration of hepatocytes, and karyomegaly were observed. It was noted that these findings were significantly reduced in the Endosulfan + Vitamin C group. Asprosin immunopositivity were significantly decreased in the Endosulfan group compared to the CNT, Corn Oil, and Vit C groups. Asprosin immunopositivity were observed to be increased in the Endosulfan + Vitamin C group compared to the Endosulfan group. When brain tissues belonging to the endosulfan group are examined histologically; Glial cell infiltration, neuronal degeneration, blood vessel congestion and perineural vacuolization were observed. It was noted that these findings were significantly reduced in the Endosulfan + Vitamin C group. Asprosin immunopositivity were significantly decreased in the Endosulfan group compared to the CNT, Corn Oil, and Vit C groups. Asprosin immunopositivity were observed to be increased in the Endosulfan + Vitamin C group compared to the Endosulfan group. As a result, it has been observed that Vitamin C reduces tissue damage by suppressing oxidative stress and increases the level of asprosin, a new adipokine, against the kidney, liver and brain damage caused by Endosulfan.