Evaluation of the relationship between epileptic seizure and asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA), nitric oxide (NO),paraoxonase, arylesterase (ARE) and ischemic modified albumin (IMA) levels

This study aims to compare the peripheral blood levels of Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA), Nitric Oxide (NO), Paraoxonase (PON), Arylesterase (ARE), and Ischemia-Modified Albumin (IMA) in patients presenting with epileptic seizures, measured at the first and third hours following seizure onset, both among themselves and with a healthy control group. The research seeks to monitor biochemical changes related to seizure activity and to identify potential biomarkers that may contribute to the differential diagnosis of epileptic seizures and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES). The study included patients aged between 18 and 85 years, whether previously diagnosed with epilepsy or not, who presented with a seizure. As part of the study, each patient's demographic characteristics (age,gender, medical history, etc.) were recorded. Peripheral blood samples taken at the first and third hours after seizure onset from patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were compared with samples from a completely healthy control group. The levels of ADMA, NO, PON, ARE, and IMA were analyzed in the peripheral blood samples. Since these biomarkers may exhibit specific changes related to the duration and severity of seizures, they play an important role in understanding the biological differences in peripheral blood between patients with epileptic seizures and those with PNES, as well as how long these differences persist after a seizure. These data may contribute to the monitoring of biochemical changes during seizures in epilepsy patients and enable the use of potential biomarkers in the clinical follow-up and differential diagnosis of epileptic versus psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. A total of 54 patients and 54 healthy individuals were included in the study. No significant difference was found between the groups in terms of age and gender. In the patient group, ADMA, NO, PON, ARE, and IMA levels were significantly higher than those in the control group at the first hour (p<0.05). At the third hour, PON, ARE, and IMA levels further increased, while ADMA and NO levels were found to be lower (p<0.05). No significant correlation was observed among the biomarkers (p>0.05).