Evaluation of risks that affect on the success of ERP projects by priority multiple criteria decision making techniques

Keywords: Fuzzy Analytic Hıerarchy Process, Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, SWARA, ERP, Fuzzy Failure Modes and Effects Analysis ERP projects are the studies that involve high cost as well as hard effort and long-time enabling the management of logistics and financial processes within the facility. ERP program of the enterprise is the intersection of the ability of company personnel to use the program offered at the beginning and achieved at the end of the process. ERP projects begin with the process owners' transferring their processes to the people who will activate the ERP installation. Conceptual design, consisting of general processes of enterprises and being documentation works having the characteristic of analysis study, is prepared at the end of process transfer operations. The more detailed the process in actual life is told, the conceptual design operation that will determine the architecture of the project will be constituted in a way that reflects the reality. Plain transfer of facility processes throughout the conceptual design process will keep solution architecture away from complexity. Every ERP project that moved away from complexity will minimize the risk of failure. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is one of the methods of prevention works by identifying risks. The main purpose of the FMEA method is to minimize the effects of possible errors as soon as possible that will occur in the system. System quality and its reliability are increased with minimised effects. While identified risks allow to reduce the project development time, they also decrease the costs that may occur as a result of the error by avoiding them. In this study, obtained findings were assessed with the Service FMEA method, one of the tools of TQM, by searching for the risk factors to be met from conceptual design to live transition in ERP projects. Classic Service FMEA method is achieved by assuming that all risk factors are equal in weight, by multiplying the occurrence, severity and detection values. Since the acceptance of risk factors as equally-weighted is one of the disadvantages of FMEA method, the related risk factors were weighted by FAHP method in order to prevent this situation. The weight calculations of perceived risks were also conducted by the SWARA method. Following the weighting process, the risk priorities were determined by FFMEA method using expert opinions. The risk priority numbers of all risk factors, of which weights were calculated, were obtained through service FFMEA method in removing the defects before the arrival of service to customer or applying preventive actions.