Philosophical thought in ancient eastern and western tribes (Sumers, Babylons, Assyrians, Hurrians, Hittites, Greeks)

Science, technology, philosophy, art and social structure occur and develop in an environment where there is civilization. The prerequisite for civilization to occur is `? settled life??. Settled life is closely related with suitability of geography and climate. Likewise civilization and relatedly urban life, state, writing, law, astrology, philosophy, medecine, mythology, maths, first occured in history in the valley of rivers Fırat and Dicle.In 4000s BC there used to live various societies around the half-arid land of mesopotamia and east mediterranean. We assume that these societies dealth with things like hunting, fishing, farming that were appropriate to the regional conditions. These people developed the cultural accumulation of mankind through their discoveries and inventions. They gained and developed scientific and practical knowladge in the science fields like topography, geology, astronomy, chemistry, maths, medicine, zoology, botany and the fields like agriculture, tecnology, metallurgy, engineering and architecture. Sometimes thier magical beliefs those include scientific and philosophical realities became traditon in time.The researches on cunieform writing tablets brought to light that people in Mesopotamia had unestimated and unexpected scientific knowladge. Today it is clearly known that the knowladge of people in Mesopotamia in maths and astronomy was in a comparable situation with Greeks although there are centuries between them. They had advanced algebra and very systematic astronomy based on maths. It can be clearly seen that Greeks benefited from Mesopotamians not only in maths and astronomy but also in medicine and mythology.The knowladge and techniques gained through trading, changing places with various reasons and migration spread and there occured an interaction between different cultures. While studying this subject, I first used the Sumer documents that were written in mythological and religious perceptivity and then Sami tribes in Mesopotamia (Asur, Babil, Akad) those were affected by them and from there following the documents about the reflections on Anatolia (Hitit, Huri), I tried to bring up the similarities and differences considering the basic sources of classical eastern phylosophy.The basic geography of my thesis is Mesopotamia-Anatolia-Europe route and the documents from this route are used in my study. Certainly it would be a mistake not to think about the Egypt culture, Pers culture, Elam culture which can?t be denied in prehistoric period, but becouse of the lack of time and and place I handled the development process and interaction of East-West phylosophical thoght having the Sumer phylosophy in basis.Key Words1. Mesopotamia2. Sumers3. Mythology4. Philosophy5. Science