Floods and flood risk analysis in the Söğütlü Creek Basin (Trabzon) with effective factors

In this study, flood risk analysis was carried out in the bounding Söğütlü Stream Basin of Trabzon Province, which is located in the Eastern Black Sea Region of the Black Sea Region. Due to its working area, it is limited to the water section lines. The total area of the basin has a surface area of 275.7 km2.The rapid increase in the world population increases the use of natural resources by people and due to this increase, natural resources are changing day by day. With the changes in nature, there is a rapid increase in natural disasters. Natural disasters cause loss of life and property. With the developing technology in recent years, natural disasters are predicted and measures are taken to minimize the damages.In the study, firstly, the physical and human geography factors of the Söğütlü Stream Basin were examined and analyzes were made using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (UA) methods; Then, the geographical factors that were effective in the formation of floods were determined and the effect values on the floods were calculated using the Analytical Hierarchy Process method. The effect values of the geographical factors such as lithology, geomorphology, elevation, slope, aspect, soil, normalized vegetation index (NDVI), proximity to the river and land use on the flood were determined in the study area and flood risk analysis was carried out with GIS. As a result of examining the geographical features of the study area and creating a risk map, 62,1% (171,3 km2) of the basin is very low risk, 23,5% (64,7km2) is low risk, 12,2% (33,5 km2) is medium risk, 1.7% (4.6 km2) high risk, 0.6% (1,6 km2) very high flood risk. Areas with a very high risk of flooding are generally in the lower part of the basin, close to the stream, with low slope value, low elevation, weak vegetation, more impermeable structure and intense human activities.