Examination of numerosity perception and the effect of feedback for individuals who have intellectual disability

The current research aims to investigate numerosity perception and the impact of feedback on individuals with intellectual disability compared to individuals without intellectual disability. The findings indicate that the control group exhibited an underestimation tendency for above the criterion condition and this tendency increased when the criterion increased, on the other hand individuals with intellectual disability exhibited a response bias to respond, "greater than the criterion point" additionally this response biased increased especially when the number of dots presented was below the criterion. When the effect of feedback was considered, it was observed that the percentage of errors below the criterion point were adjusted through feedback for experimental groups, leading to a reduction in the response bias and errors were found to be lower compared to the no-feedback condition. For the control group the effect of feedback, it was observed that the percentage of errors above the criterion point were adjusted through feedback, leading to a reduction in the underestimation tendency. In conclusion, there is an underestimation tendency observed in the control group in accordance with the literature. The results of the current study indicate that individuals with intellectual disability exhibit a stronger response bias to give a response as "greater than the criterion point" for numerosity below the criterion point, and providing feedback significantly reduces this bias.