Determination of optimal growing conditions and growing substrate for different Hericium isolates and moleculer characterization

In the present study, it was aimed to determinete the effects of temperature, pH and substrate on mycelial growth and pinhead and fructification of Hericium isolates (HE-Ankara, HE-Denizli, HE, HE-Trabzon, HE-İzmit, HA, HC, HE-Amerika), to investigate the possibilities of using different agricultural and timbered wastes rich in lignocelluloses and easily available in a large amount in our region, in the cultivation of H. erinaceus, to determinate effects of temperatures and substrates on the yield and quality of mushrooms, to observe chemical changes in substrates during cultivation period and to determinate genetic relation among 8 Hericium isolates. Myceliel growth of isolates of Hericium was observed in 7 different temperatures (5,10,15,20,25,30,35 oC and 5 different pH (5,6,7,8,9). Experiments on pinhead and fructification temperatures were carried out at 15, 20 and 25oC degrees, while for substrate experiments were conducted with 7 different substrates prepared with oak sawdust, wheat bran, cotton and olive waste materials (80OS:20BK, 90 OS:10 CSH, 80 OS:20 CSH, 70 OS:30CSH, 90 OS:10 OPC, 80 OS:20 OPC, 70 OS:30OPC). The influences of temperatures and growing substrates on yield, BE's, avarage mushroom weight, fruitbody size and color, nutritional composition, antioxidant activity and phenol content of Hericium isolates were investigated. Genetic diversity among 8 Hericium isolates was evaluated individually and combinated using ISSR and SRAP marker systems. The temperature suitable for optimal mycelial growth was determined to be 25oC, the most favorable growthn observed at pH 6. The temperature suitable for optimal pinhead and fruitbody formation was determined to be 20oC. Oak sawdust medium supplemented with 20 and 30 % cotton seed hulls was the best for yield and BE's of the mushroom , while 80MT+20WB showed significantly lowest yield with maximum crude protein and mineral element content. The maximum antioxidant activity was obtained when it was cultivated at 15oC while the temperature didnt be effective in phenol content of mushrooms. Antioxidant activity and fenol content werent influenced by substrates. Content of substrate changed considerably during Hericium isolates growing period. At the end of the cultivation, protein and mineral contents in spend substrate were incresed as compared with the original substrate. The nutritional content of mushroom wasnt influenced by the nutritional content of substrate. Two major clades were revealed within this isolates. Clade 1 consisted only of HA isolate, while Clade II included all other 7 isolates. Key words: Hericium spp., ISSR, SRAP, cotton hulls, olive pres-cake, wheat bran