Evaluation the efficacy of different concentration of dextrose prolotherapy in temporomandibular joint hypermobility treatment

Dextrose prolotherapy is one of the modern conservative techniques used in treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) hypermobility. Different concentrations of dextrose have been reported as a proliferant solution, but it still unclear whether any concentration has superiority over the others. The aim of our study was to compare the efficacy of different concentrations of dextrose prolotherapy for the treatment of TMJ hypermobility. A prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial included patients with subluxation or dislocation was performed. Study comprised 37 patients (26 females, 11 males; age range 18-44 years). Patients were randomly divided into four groups. 1'st, 2'nd and 3'rd groups treated with 10 %, 20 % and 30 % dextrose solutions respectively, while 4'th group treated with saline solution. Visual analogue scale (VAS) of TMJ pain, maximum mouth opening (MMO), clicking sound, and frequency of luxations were recorded, the collected data were then statistically analyzed. Each group showed postoperatively significant improvement in TMJ pain, significant decrease in both MMO and clicking sound, TMJ locking was not observed in any patient during follow-up period. There were no statistically significant differences throughout the study intervals between study groups. At the same time statistically significant differences were not observed between study and control groups. In conclusion, all concentrations of dextrose used as a proliferant were efficient in improvement of clinical symptoms related to painful TMJ hypermobility. There is no superiority of any concentration of dextrose over the others in prolotherapy. Also dextrose prolotherapy is no more effective than saline injection in TMJ hypermobility. Key Words: Dextrose, Different concentrations, Injection, Prolotherapy, TMJ hypermobility