Effect of plant densities on yield, yield components and fiber properties in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes with different cotton bolls distributions

The growth, flowering, square and boll formation of cotton plant are significantly affected by plant density. The research was carried out in the field of experimental Özaltın Agriculture Company Experiment Fields in 2019 with four replication according to the split plot design with two different cotton genotypes with open (Karayel) type and closters (Lodos) type under five different plant densities (7.000 plants/da, 14.000 plants/da, 21.000 plants/da, 28.000 plants/da and 35.000 plants/da). The aim of the study was to determine the effects of different plant densities on yield, yield components and fiber quality characteristics of cotton varieties with different plant types (different boll distribution on branch of plant). With the increase in plant density (28.000 and 35.000 plants/da), plant height, number of fruit branches, number of vegatatif branches, boll weight, boll number were decrased, on the other hand the number of node on the first fruit branch, the first hand harvest rate, the number of days of opening the first boll, micronare values were increased. It was determined that there was no significant effect on fiber quality properties and lint percentage except for micronaire. Cotton varieties with different cotton biomass architecture such as open type and closter type showed different reactions in terms of cotton boll yield at different plant densities. According to the mean of both cultivars in each plant density, the highest boll yield (649.4 kg/da) and fiber yield (275.8 kg/da) were obtained from plant density of 14.000 plants/da. When genotype x plant density interaction is evaluated in terms of cotton boll yield, the plant density in genotypes with open boll distribution type should not be more than 21.000 plants/da plant density; It was determined that plant density should not be less than 14.000 plants/da for the cotton genotypes with closter boll distribution type.