Allelopathic effects of different lichenes extract on seed germination and growth of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Most of the herbs which contain toxic compounds can be very efficient as natural herbicide, antibacterial and antifungal when they are extracted and applied to the other herbs. The bioactive substance which has an allelopathic effect can indicate both inhibitor and stimulator features. In our study, aiming through the allelopathic effects on the germination and the growth of wheat seeds of some lichen species ethanolic extracts which are inherently spreaded in our country, the diverse concentration (1, 3, 10, 30 and 100 mg/mL) of ethanolic extracts of Umbilicaria decussata (Vill.) Zahlbr, Parmelina tiliacea (Haffm.) Hale ve Bryoria fuscescens (Gycln.) Brodo & D. Hawkaw lichens through the allelopathic effects on the germination and the growth of bread wheat seeds was investigated during 7 days. When the experiment ended, it was appeared that the lichen extracts seeds which are grown on the high concentration of lichen extracts seeds were not germinated. Finally, it was concluded that the low concentration of ethanolic lichen extracts has a stimulator effect and high concentration of them has an inhibitör effect on the germination and the growth of wheat seeds.