Determination yield yield components and suitability of different cotton lines and varieties for textile sector

Cotton plant is an economically and strategically important plant that provides raw materials to the textile industry in our country. The breeders are trying to increase the yield and quality of cotton with intensive breeding studies in the world and in our country. It is necessary to determine the yield and fiber quality characteristics of the genotypes to be included in the breeding programs and their superiority over the control varieties. In the study conducted for this purpose, 165 genotypes were tested in terms of yield and fiber quality characteristics. The study was conducted at Siirt University Faculty of Agriculture Department of Field Crops experimental area as augmented design with four replications in 2019. In the experiment, 165 genotypes including 160 cotton genotypes and 5 control varieties (Stoneville 468, BA 119, BA 440, Edessa, Lima) were used as material. Yield, plant height, number of monopodial branches, number of sympodial branches, number of boll, number of nodes, fiber fineness, fiber length, fiber strength, fiber elongation, fiber uniformity ratio, short fiber ratio, fiber yellowness value (+ b), fiber brightness value (Rd) and spinning consistency index values were examined. In the study, the highest values in terms of seed cotton yield were obtained from MNH-786, Dpl-5540-85-subocra and Mex 123 genotypes and it was determined that these genotypes showed superior value than the highest control variety. Deltapine 5816, Stoneville 213 and CIM-70 in terms of plant height, VH 260, Stoneville 213 and Tamcot Sphinx in terms of number of sympodial branch, Deltapine 905, NIAB 777, Tonia and Stoneville 213 genotypes were found to be promising in terms of number of bolls. The fiber fineness of the genotypes included in the experiment was changed between 2.84 and 5.70 mic., fiber length was 23.10 mm and 36.89 mm, fiber strength was 24.11 and 41.19 g/tex, elongation was 4.89%. to 7.44, fiber uniformity ratio 76.12 to 88.62, fiber yellowness value between 6.17 and 9.79, fiber brightness value between 70.68 and 83.68, spinning consistency index between 87.80 and 197.80. The findings obtained in the study show that there is a wide genetic variability in the material in terms of yield and fiber quality, genotypes with ideal values in terms of desired characteristics can be used as parents in breeding studies and new cotton genotypes suitable for the textile sector can be developed.