Investigation of phenological morphological and pomological properties of gemlik type olives grown in different altitudes

This study was conducted to aims to determine Morphological, Phenological, and Pomological characteristics of Gemlik olive cultivars which are grown intensively in our country in 3 different height levels (230 m, 430 m and 630 m) and in 4 main geographical directions (North-South-East-West). Olive gardens located in Şahyar (230 m) and Osmaniye (430m, 630 m) neighborhoods of Alaşehir District of Manisa Province were selected as the trial sites. Within the scope of morphological, phenological and pomological features, 65 features were examined in the trial area located at each elevation level. While 58.33% of the 12 examined morphological features were affected by altitude change and 33.33% were affected by geographical main direction change, the combined effect of altitude and geographical main direction had no effect on morphological features. While 95% of the 20 features examined within the scope of phenological observations were affected by elevation change and 55% of the geographical main direction change, the change of altitude and geographical main direction did not have any effect on the phenological characteristics. 57.58% of the 33 features examined in the pomological observations were affected by the altitude change, 48,40% by the geographical main direction change, 75% by the combined effect of the altitude and geographical main direction change. With this study, determined the general characteristics of the Gemlik olive variety in the altitude range of 230-630 m in terms of morphological, phenological and pomological, and local characteristics in the altitude range of 230-430-630 m.