Investigation of the effects of different temperatures and increased carbon dioxide gas (CO2) level on the biology of peach aphid [Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphidae)]

Increasing industrial and anthropogenic activities have led to an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere since the 1980s. This situation creates a greenhouse effect on the world and causes global warming. It has become necessary to investigate the effects of this ecological disaster, which is inevitable in today's conditions, on agricultural production, especially on insect fauna. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of temperature and increasing CO2 values caused by global warming on the biology of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). The study was carried out in greenhouse rooms with different CO2 levels (400, 600, 800 and 1000 ppm) and temperatures (26/16 – 29/19 – 32/22℃, Day/Night Temperatures). After creating stock cultures in each room and ensuring the continuity of 2 generations, 1 M. persicae individual (0-24 hours (age)) was left in each cell formed on the eggplant plants. Individuals were followed daily, their molting, the number of offspring and their life span were recorded every 24 hours. Life table analysis was performed on the data from each room. According to these results, the shortest total development time was determined as 5.35 days at 32/22°C temperature and 600 ppm CO2 level. The highest number of offspring was determined at 29/19°C as 87.88 with 1000 ppm CO2 level and 87.00 with 400 ppm CO2 level. The longest adult lifespan (28.82 days) and the longest total lifespan (35.25 days) were obtained from 29/19℃ temperature with 400 ppm CO2 level. The longest generation time (T0) (15.271) were also determined at 29°C temperature with 1000 ppm CO2 level. With these data, it was determined that different temperatures and increased CO2 levels affect the development time, number of offspring and life table parameters of M. persicae.