Hegemonic fatherhood in the light of philosophical episteme

The common beliefs on masculinity and femininity that has been put forward based on the biological differences, is one of the most important factors that is producing the idea that men is superior to women and that is naturalizing this on the realms of idea, discourse and practise on ontological context and on the sociocultural ground. The knowledge ideals that construct man and masculinities throughout the period from Ancient Philosophy to Modern Era, charactarize woman as inferior, worthless, caotic, dark, indefinite and irregular while describing man as superior, valuable, bright, definite and ordinate. The thing lies beneath the idea that causes this duality is the woman's body that is associated with nature and man's association with mind. Man's association with mind, has put him in a status where he is the master, owner and controller of nature, woman, children, slaves and private property. Especially social changes that had set the ground for Modern Era like geographical discoveries, control of the nature, industurial revolution and transition to capitalist economy, have crystallized the hegemony that was socalled specific to man. Man has become the subject of knowledge while nature has become the object of it and thus human's ability and scope of domination have widened. Within these relations of domination, men, do not only produce the woman-man inequality but they subject themselves to a masculine hierarchy as well. Because the hegemony that produces and rules this chain, forces the society to realize a superhuman ideal. This ideal is hegemonic masculinity. Hegemonic masculinity is a status -spesific to the relation that man has with hegemony- where masculinity others not just women but also itself and where repress different masculinity models and significantly practice male domination. The reason for masculinity being a producer of a masculine world view is the connection that associates its status with this power. Hegemony, subjectifies man in relation to the produced ideals while using it as a representative for transferring masculine values and behaviours on a patriarchal ground. Ofcourse the construction of family as an institution and maintaining it through an order according to masculine values and behaviours are significant. Because hegemony is a masculine structure on its own and can only exist within a patriarchal society. For power, father is the subject who will maintain this. Despite of all the social and economic changes, father continues to exist as a figure of authority and sometimes as a figure that represents masculine values. Father, regardless of his intention, learns, practices and transfers the values and behaviours that produce male dominance throughout his own masculinity journey. In this circumstance, he produces domination by reaching the power that is specific to his status through the share he takes from the hegemony. The most significant fathering status in terms of producing male dominance -similar to the one in masculinity- is hegemonic fatherhood. Hegemonic father, as an ideal specific to the political, economic and cultural values and behaviours of his time, enters into a relation with the hegemony of his time and becomes a subject of a circle that learns, teaches, practices and transfers the defined values and behaviours.