The effect of physical activity and sleep quality on executive function and working memory

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the effects of physical activity level and sleep quality on executive functions and working memory. In this context, the relationships between physical activity and sleep quality and the subcomponents of executive functions—namely working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility—were evaluated. Methods: This study was conducted using a correlational research design, one of the quantitative research methods. The physical activity levels and sleep quality of the participants were determined using valid and reliable measurement tools. Executive functions and working memory performance were assessed through standardized cognitive tests. The collected data were analyzed using appropriate statistical analysis methods. Results: The findings of the study revealed that individuals with higher physical activity levels demonstrated significantly better performance in executive function and working memory tests. Similarly, participants with higher sleep quality showed significantly better levels of working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility. Physical activity level and sleep quality were found to be significant predictors of the subdimensions of executive functions. Conclusion: In conclusion, physical activity and sleep quality have a significant impact on individuals' cognitive performance. Regular physical activity and high-quality sleep support the development of executive functions and working memory and contribute to more efficient cognitive functioning. These findings highlight the importance of interventions aimed at improving physical activity and sleep habits for the maintenance and enhancement of cognitive health.Keywords: Cognitive performance, Executive function, Physical activity, Sleep quality, Working memory