In vitro genotoxic effects of fluoxetine on human peripheral lymphocytes

The aim of the present study was to investigate the genotoxic effects of Fluoxetine, on human peripheral lymphocytes by using sister chromatid exchange (SCE), chromosomal aberration (CA) and micronucleus (MN) tests in absence and presence of metabolic activation system. Cells were treated with 8, 12, 16, 20 µg/ml Fluoxetine for 24 and 48 hours in the absence of a metabolic activation system and 3 hours in the presence of a metabolic activation system.Fluoxetine did not induce SCEs in human peripheral blood lymphocytes both in the absence and presence of the metabolic activator. Whereas Fluoxetine induced CA formation when compared to control for 24-h and 48-h treatment periods in the absence of metabolic activator. In case of metabolic activator presence, fluoxetine induced CA in all concentrations except the lowest concentration. Additionally, Fluoxetine increased MN formation only in highest dose in 24-h treatment and 12µg/ml concentration in 48-h treatment in the absence of metabolic activator. Also in highest two concentrations of 48-h treatment period, enough number of binuclear cells could not count. In case of metabolic activator presence, Fluoxetine induced MN formation only in the highest concentration. In 24-h and 48-h treatment periods Fluoxetine did not decrease PI, but in other hand it decreased MI compared to control only in highest concentration in 24-h treatment and in three highest concentrations in 48-h treatment period. Whereas in 24-h treatment Fluoxetine did not decrease NDI and in 48-h treatment in 8, 12 and 16 µg/ml concentrations Fluoxetine decreased NDI compared to control. On the other hand Fluoxetine did not decrease PI, MI and NDI in the presence of metabolic activator.