Analysis of technical, economic and environmental aspects of photovoltaic designs: A case study on Tekirdag Viticulture Research Institute Grape Juice Processing Building roof

Extensive action is needed to disseminate renewable energy sources rather than consumption of fossil energy sources due to their environmental damage and exhaustion. The high demand for energy load, especially in agricultural production facilities, is a good option for electricity generation with PV panels for dormant roof areas. In this study; theoretical, field and technical solar energy potential determined, annual electricity consumption data set was created and the amount of electricity and carbon emission that can be produced by using PV panels was simulated in 6 different designes with 2 different software (PVsyst and RETScreen) for the roof area of Tekirdağ Vineyard Research Institute Grape Products Processing Plant. The affordability with PV modules of electricity demand of the facility is evaluated. The amount of energy consumed in the plant in September, October and November, when grape juice was produced, was found to be 4059,822 kWh per month and the specific energy consumption (SET) value for 1 liter of grape juice production was calculated as 0.61 kWh. Consequently; when the panel angle is accepted as 20⁰ and the azimuth angle is accepted as 0⁰, the technical solar energy potential was found to be 1543 kWh / m2 annually. Performance ratios for monosi, poli-si and a-si system designs are calculated as %85,15-%84,39-%80,40 respectively, annual electricity generation per kilowatt is calculated as 1219-1280-1291 kWh / kWp / year. 10.9 tCO2 / year greenhouse gas reduction can be supplied in case of 23.1 MWh of electricity production per year (mono-si); 10.5 tCO2 / year with 22.4 MWh of electricity production (polysi); 10.3 MWh electricity generation (a-si) with 4.9 tCO2 / year. Particularly during the periods of grape juice production, it has been seen that a part of the plant's electricity needs can be met with PV modules to be installed on the roof. Thin film a-si type systems are used, although the cost per kWp is low, it is found to be unsuitable due to the limited roof area of the applied plant. PV system designs with mono-si and poli-si silicon structure provide approximate outputs in terms of financial and efficiency. Keywords: PVsyst, RETScreen, photovoltaic system design, energy feasibility, greenhouse gas emission