Thermodynamic analysis of photovoltaic thermal (PVT) panel and air source heat pump integrated system

An energetic analysis of a PVT (photovoltaic thermal) and heat pump integrated system that can be used to meet the heating-cooling needs and to generate electricity has been carried out. In the envisaged system, an air source R404A refrigerant heat pump with a hermetic scroll compressor that can operate at constant and/or variable speed is considered to be used and the solution algorithms of the system are transferred to EES (Engineering Equation Solver) and parametric analyzes are performed. According to the results obtained, it was determined that the electrical power generated increases linearly when the irradiation amount and panel area increase and the ambient temperature decreases. It is determined that the electrical efficiency increases when the panel is cooled with refrigerant by integrating PVT-Evaporator. In an integrated system with a constant speed compressor and PVT,the condenser temperature and compressor power decrease and COPIP increases when the irradiation or panel area increases or the ambient temperature decreases.. In an integrated system with a variable speed compressor and PVT, the compressor speed increases with the increase in radiation and area, and the COPIP increases rapidly at first due to the increase in the power consumed in the compressor and the condenser capacity, and the rate of increase slows down after a certain value. In the system with variable speed compressor, when the ambient temperature is 0 oC and the condenser temperature is 55 oC, the heating performance coefficient of the heat pump with PVT is 27.87% higher than the system without PVT. It is determined that if an integrated system with a fixed or variable speed compressor and a panel area of 1.65 x9 m2 is installed in Antalya province, the electricity generated at noon will meet the compressor consumption power during the heating season (October-March). However, it was determined that in the integrated system with constant speed, the condenser temperature will drop to 25 oC at noon, while in the variable speed system, the condenser temperature can be kept constant at 55 oC by adjusting the number of revolutions and heating can be done more comfortably. In the heating season for Antalya province, the COPIP of the integrated system with variable speed compressor is 34.55% higher than the system without PVT. In the cooling season (April-September) for Antalya province, when the condenser temperature is 45 oC, it is determined that the electricity generation can meet the compressor consumption power between 09.45-14.45 hours in the fixed speed integrated system and between 08.45-16.45 hours in the variable speed integrated system.