Characterization of FTO/TiO2/MaPbI3/C60/Ag layers and perovskite solar cell under stress factors

Solar energy, which is one of the renewable energy sources, has a great potential. However, systems and technologies that produce electrical energy from renewable energies are insufficient to meet high efficiency and low costs for sustainable use. With the advancement of technologies in the production of solar cells, new generation solar cells have begun to find a place for themselves in this field. Perovskite solar cells, which are among these new generation solar cells, attract the attention of scientists with their low cost and high efficiency. However, the reason why the perovskite solar cells are not commercially available in the market is that they degrade shortly after their production and lose their efficiency values. In this thesis study; both cell and layer-based degradation of perovskite solar cells produced in FTO/TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3/C60/Ag configuration were investigated. In this context, CH3NH3PbI3 and C60 are produced by thermal evaporation method and TiO2 layer is produced by sputter method separately on glass substrates. XRD (X-ray Diffraction) analyses were performed for the structural characterization of the produced materials. Scanning Electron Microscope analyzes (Scanning Tunneling Microscope) were performed for surface morphology analyzes. UV-Vis Absorption Spectroscopy analyzes were performed for optical absorption and light transmittance. The degradation mechanisms of the produced materials were characterized by electrical characterization methods for their aged conditions in laboratory atmosphere, vacuum atmosphere, light soaking, ultraviolet (UV) light application and oxygen application. As electrical characterization methods, light flux-dependent, temperature-dependent, time-dependent, dark and light conductivity measurements were carried out. The effects of degradation were evaluated by establishing a correlation between the results obtained in the layers under stress factors and the results obtained in the cells.