Analysis of the content of black cumin (Nigella sativa) oil with GC-MS

Black cumin (Nigella sativa), an aromatic medicinal plant from Amasya and Yozgat provinces, was first powdered in a ball mill and then clevenger and soxhlet extractions were used to obtain essential oils. Essential oils obtained by both methods were analyzed by using GC-MS libraries. The components found were tabulated and percentages indicated as a comparison of the components found in the two methods. The amounts of thymokinone (15,02%), thmyol (0,03%) carvacrol (0,03%), p simene (0.88%), palmitic acid amount (11,14%), oleic acid (19,48%), linoleic acid (31,66%), linolenic acid (1,96%), and erucic acid (2,31%) are determined for Yozgat province. These amounts are also determined for Amasya province as follows: thymokinone (11,08%), thmyol (0,06%) carvacrol (0,06%), p simene (0,76%),palmitic acid amount (12,67%), oleic acid (27,81%), linoleic acid (3,39%), linolenic acid (1,81 %) eicocenic acid (1,89%), and myristic acid (1.48%). The powdered form of the samples and the essential oils obtained by extraction were examined in the library of the FT-IR device and compared in tabular form. Finally, the results of GC-MS and FTIR were compared with each other. The FTIR results of the powdered samples were the same. One of the fatty acids obtained by Clevenger extraction, oleic acid is common in both GC-MS and FTIR. Fatty acids obtained by Soxhlet extraction have common results in both are; stearic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, methyl elaidate, myristic acid, erucic acid, and oleic acid. Application fields and toxic effects of the volatile components and fixed oils were investigated. Considering that the tendency towards medicinal and aromatic plants is increasing day by day, to meet both health and food needs, components of this plant have a wide range of application as herbal medicine, food, cosmetics and pesticides.