Protective effect of cyclotrichium niveum extract on gentamycin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Gentamicine, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, has a therapeutic importance in treatment of Gram(-) aerobic bacteria infections. Howewer, clinical use of gentamicine limited by its nephrotoxic side effect which is involved in oxidative stress. In this study, possible protective effect of Cyclotrichium niveum, an endemic plant which is known as an antioxidant, was investigated on the nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicine. Firstly, content of C. niveum was analyzed and rate of pulegone was found highest (% 79,6). Then, antioxidant capacity of ethanol extract, water extract and esantial oil of C. niveum were analyzed and, it has been found that both the extract and essantial oil of C. niveum have antioxidant activity. Finally, nine groups were performed according to the following groups: Control, gentamicin (100 mg/kg; im), gentamicin (100 mg/kg; im) + ethanol extract (200 mg/kg; po), gentamicin (100 mg/kg; im) + ethanol extract (400 mg/kg; po), gentamicin (100 mg/kg; im) + water extract (200 mg/kg; po), gentamicin (100 mg/kg; im) + essential oil (200 mg/kg; po), gentamicin (100 mg/kg; im) + essential oil (400 mg/kg; po), gentamicin (100 mg/kg; im) + pulegon (50 mg/kg; po), gentamicin (100 mg/kg; im) + pulegon (100 mg/kg; po). Rats were treated with these drugs and subtances for 8 days. In gentamicin treated group, BUN, serum creatinine and MDA levels were increased when compared with the control. These increases were reversed in groups treated with Gentamicin (100 mg/kg; im) + ethanol extract (200 mg/kg; po), gentamicin (100 mg/kg; im) + ethanol extract (400 mg/kg; po), gentamicin (100 mg/kg; im) + essential oil (200 mg/kg; p.o), gentamicin (100 mg/kg; im) + essential oil (400 mg/kg; p.o). These findings were supported by histopathological results. In gentamicin (100 mg/kg; im) + pulegon (100 mg/kg; po) group, levels of BUN, serum creatinine and MDA levels were decreased similar to those of essential oil groups. Water extract of C. niveum had not significant effect on the gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.