A comparison between "the Sorrows of Young Werther" novel by Goethe and "Madonna in a Fur Coat" novel by Sabahatti̇n Ali under the skin of existentialist philosophy

This study has an aim to question the existential interdisciplinary perspective of two novels in the context of Comparative Literary Science. Also, it includes the thoughts of philosophers who shaped the existential philosophy by discussing existence on the basis of two novels. In this manner, behaviour patterns exhibited by heroes in these novels have been interpreted on the basis of the thoughts that constitute the existential philosophy. The ideas of the philosophers who were the subject of the study, have been examined in the existential philosophy by analysing. The concept of existence has been examined by many branches of science, especially philosophy and literature, regarding what it is and how it is; according to existential philosophers, many thoughts have been put forward by supporting opposing and similar ideas. This study consists of five chapters. The concept of existentialism will be examined in the first section with a general view of the 20th century Turkish and German novels in terms of comparison on the axis of two novels selected from Turkish and German literature, and firstly, the period between 1923-1940, the period after 1940, the social realist period and the existentialist movement will be examined in the subheadings with a collective view of the pre-Republican Turkish literature. In the second subheading, an overview of the German novel of the 18th and 19th centuries; The Rococo Period, the Age of Genius (Sturm und Drang) and German Classicism will be examined. In the second chapter, Sabahattin Ali's and Goethe's literary personality will be examined. In the third chapter, the existentialism philosophy, basic existential concepts, existence precedes essence, freedom and responsibility, fear/anxiety, as well as existential philosophy in Turkish and German literature will be examined under the subheadings. In the fourth chapter, existentialism in Sabahattin Ali and Goethe will be examined. In the fifth chapter, Sabahattin Ali's "Madonna in a Fur Coat" novel and Goethe's "The Sorrows of Young Werther" will be compared on the basis of the "Existentialism" philosophy. Firstly, the comparison will be made in the context of love under the subheadings of motifs, and then the other subheadings will be examined together with anxiety, loneliness, alienation and symbols. In addition to the main elements of the study, Stefan Zweig's "Letter from an Unknown Woman" novel has also been occasionally mentioned in order to provide a better understanding of the subject and to expand the range of meaning and thought. In the evaluation and conclusion chapters of the study, the views of the philosophers in the context of existentialism will be analysed; then, the social issues of the main characters in the novel will be examined with the hermeneutic method. In this way, comparing social phenomena with different time periods on the basis of existentialism will shed light on the future and provide direction. Key Words: Existence, Comparative Literary Science, Sabahattin Ali, Goethe, Existence Philosophers