Biomechanical investigation of osseointegration levels of implants with different surfaces produced from grade 5 titanium implant alloys and zirconium

2. ABSTRACT BIOMECHANICAL INVESTIGATION OF OSSEOINTEGRATION LEVELS OF IMPLANTS WITH DIFFERENT SURFACES PRODUCED FROM GRADE 5 TITANIUM IMPLANT ALLOYS AND ZIRCONIUM The biocompatibility of implants depends on several parameters such as the atüre of the material, its chemical composition, surface topography, chemistry and loading, surface treatment and physical and mechanical properties. The differences in surface characteristics and alloy composition can have either positive or negative effects on implant success and osseointegration. The aim of this study was to biomechanically investigate the osseointegration values of conventional Grade-5 titanium implant alloys and zirconium implants placed in rat tibiae. For this purpose, the subjects were divided into 6 groups; Zirconium-Torn surface group (n=10), Zirconium-RBM surface group (n=10), Zirconium-SLA surface group (n=10), Grade-5 titanium-Torn surface group (n=10), Grade-5 titanium-RBM surface group (n=10), Grade-5 titanium-SLA surface group (n=10). All subjects were sacrificed at the end of the 12th week (3rd month) following the surgical placement of the implants. After the implants were harvested along with the surrounding bone tissues, biomechanical reverse torque analyses were performed. The data were statistically analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. A statistically significant difference was found between SLA, RBM and TORNA surface properties in zirconium, Grade 5 alloys (p<0,05). In both alloy types; zirconium and Grade 5 titanium, the biomechanical bone implant fusion values of implants with TORNA surface properties were statistically significantly lower than the biomechanical bone implant fusion values of implants with SLA and RBM surface properties (p<0,05). In both alloy types; zirconium and Grade 5 titanium, there was no statistically significant difference in the biomechanical bone implant fusion values of implants with SLA and RBM surface properties (p>0,05). No statistically significant difference was found between the alloys (p>0,05) Based on the limited findings of this study, we can state that the biomechanical osseointegration performance of implants varies depending on surface properties and that implant surface modifications significantly enhance biomechanical stability in both Grade 5 titanium and zirconium alloys. It can be stated that zirconium exhibits an osseointegration value similar to that of titanium and could be considered an alternative to titanium. Keywords: zirconium, grade-5 titanium, implant, osseointegration, SLA, RBM