Gündelik hayatta banyonun dönüşümü: Günümüz banyosunun ve elemanlarının kültürel analizine doğru

People and their environment recreate and complete each other constantly through everyday life. Studies show that this interaction can be a rich source of inspiration for industrial designers to create better designs or generate new design ideas. Appropriation (to make one's own) in everyday life is part of this interaction. It is one of the ways to change and recreate environments and to construct meanings. It reveals how people intervene their environment and interact their surroundings. In a dwelling, appropriation might derive from various factors such as conflicts between people and features of the given environment or the desire to reflect one's identity. Regarding design research, understanding theses appropriations provides a better understanding of the user and the society, which in the end could provide better product development processes and better products. Contemporary domestic bathroom, being one of the important domains of the dwelling, can be studied through its appropriation in everyday life, which this study does. Domestic bathroom is of interest because it is one of the spaces where practices might highly be affected by culture, which might foster appropriations. The study aims to find out the types of appropriations employed in the bathroom and their influencing factors. It does this in the Turkish context. With this aim, it also reveals the interrelation between users and the domestic bathroom space, and how the bathroom and its elements are incorporated into everyday life routine. By providing an insight of the use and experience of the bathroom, the obtained data becomes an important input for researchers and professional designers. With a qualitative approach, 15 semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with women live in urban areas of İzmir. The interviews were transcribed and analysed by the generalised issue-focused analysis method. Observations, photographs and field notes were also contributory to the analysis of the transcriptions. Based on the analysis, four key concepts were emerged: (i) the dominancy of women on the organisation, management and cleansing of the bathroom, referring to the domination of the women on the bathroom usage, its organisation and cleaning, (ii) creation of the desired bathroom, referring to the pretentious side of the bathroom, in other words the image women wish to create, (iii) variation in performing activities, referring to the various use practices and differences in use and cleaning practices, and (iv) creation of the extension of the bathroom, referring to the physical incompetency of the space and its elements. In addition, three types of appropriations were identified: (i) utilitarian appropriations, which indicate versatility, (ii) tenants' appropriations, which indicate temporality, and (iii) social appropriations, which indicate personality. Lastly, the findings show that there are two major strategies of appropriations employed by women in order to overcome the struggle between the everyday side and the pretentious side of the bathroom: (i) decoration and (ii) management. Without the aim of generalisation, the findings provided an insight into the use and appropriation of the domestic bathroom space. The findings of the study confirm that (i) domestic bathroom is a tool for creation of the territory of the self, and (ii) the consumption trends foster the powerful and dominant modern bathroom image created. Moreover, the findings create (i) an account of interactions, context and reasons which can be used by studies and designers that put people, practices and everyday life in the centre of focus, (ii) a model to understand the everyday life in bathroom space, and (iii) a starting point to create better bathroom spaces. The study generates knowledge that will support related studies not only in industrial design but also in social sciences, since the concept of appropriation and the use of bathroom space are associated with fields in social sciences such as culture, material culture and everyday life.