Passive labor market policies in Southern European and Turkey: A comparative analysis

In the period between the Second World War and the Petroleum Crisis, full employment level was observed in the countries. Unemployment has increased with the petroleum crisis and it has been an important problem for both developed and developing countries from past to present. The increase in unemployment has made it necessary to take various measures in the fight against unemployment. Countries implement various policies such as active and passive labor market in the fight against unemployment. In active labor market policies, various policies are implemented to include unemployed individuals in employment; In passive labor market policies, cash aid is applied to protect individuals from the negative effects of unemployment. In this thesis, the called Southern European Welfare Regime; An evaluation has been made by comparing the passive labor market policies implemented in Turkey, which has a similar socio-economic structure with Italy, Spain and Portugal. In the thesis, primarily passive labor market policies are included. In the second part, welfare models and Southern European Welfare Regime Countries are mentioned; passive labor market policies implemented in these countries are included. In the third part, the passive labor market policies implemented in Turkey were included and a comparison was made with the Southern European Welfare Regime Countries. As a result, the passive labor market policies implemented in Southern European Welfare Regime Countries and Turkey were compared and it was understood that the passive labor market policies implemented in Turkey should be improved.