Types of metaphorical transformations in the Southern Siberian epics

Epics are narrative types in which important events in a nation's life are narrated based on mythical facts, by which societies create their own ideal human type, which provide information about their art and aesthetic pleasures, and at the same time reflect the joys and sorrows of societies. The epics, which have an important place in the Turkish thought system, also express the decisive stance of the Turkish nation, which is spread over a large geography, against the difficulties of life. Human is a being who perceives and experiences the world on cognitive plane. Human who wants to go beyond the realm of existence in which he/she interacts in this world, applies to the limitlessness of imagination. One of the main starting points of metaphorical transformations is that people want to use some features of the beings which they created in their minds and existing around them in order to overcome their own physical inadequacy. In this respect, metaphorical transformations that arise from purely human needs such as borrowing the power of beings that they cannot physically cope with, the desire to reach the unreachable, the need to protect themselves in the face of danger, also contribute to the comprehension of the symbolic referents that societies have created in their worlds of thought. Metaphorical transformations also serve as a means to lead the hero created in the social unconscious to victory in his/her adventure. The acceptance of existence as a whole is clearly demonstrated in the narratives and the examples of metaphorical transformations that emerge from the depths of the collective unconscious to the level of consciousness. In this context, the transformation of the heroes, their horses or the tools they use into different categories of beings without any existence limit, especially in epic narratives, expresses the limitlessness between them and spiritual beings in the mystical thought system of the Southern Siberian Turks. In this respect, animate or inanimate objects can undergo a metaphorical transformation according to the function that society has assigned to them.