Model proposal regarding the traditional performance method of maqams in the fine arts high school violin training program "Sample of Hüzzam maqam"

In this study, a teaching model proposal about the performance of maqam music is designed. The model proposal is presented in the study by exemplification with the maqam Huzzam. The purpose of the research is to examine the models in the violin course curriculum of Music Department of Fine Arts High Schools and to propose a new alternative model based on the traditional performance method. Another purpose of the research is to help students learn traditional performance with this new model. The research was carried out within the framework of a descriptive and pretest-posttest experimental model without a control group. This study has an experimental design with pre-test and post-test study groups. The quantitative data, collected through violin lesson performance measurement tool, and the qualitative data, collected through student opinion form, weekly observation form, and related studies, were collected, analyzed, and interpreted separately and as a result of these studies, the research results were reached. The sample of the research consists of students (n=5) who studied violin in 12th grade at the Music Department of Tokat Fine Arts High School in the 2019-2020 academic year. The model proposal was addressed by taking the maqam Huzzam as a basis, and a literature review was conducted. As a result of this review, the pieces to be used in the experiment were determined, and the exercises, etudes, and piece samples for the training to be given to the participants were created. The selected pieces and the created exercises, etudes, and piece samples were presented to the opinion of the expert committee and three instrument artists working under the Ministry of Culture. The model proposal for the makam Huzzam created by the researcher was used with the participants in the training section for 2 hours a week for 10 weeks. In the research, the pretest-posttest difference between the performances of the participants at the beginning and at the end of the training process were examined. Individual Instrument Training (Violin Lesson) performance measurement tool created by Dalkıran (2006) was used to obtain data on the pre-test and post-test violin performances of the participants in the sample. The expert committee observed the pre-test and post-test video recordings of the students' performances and made their evaluations in accordance with this measurement tool. The data obtained from these evaluations were analyzed with the SPSS 21 program. Moreover, weekly observation forms were used with the participating students, the data obtained from these forms were analyzed, and at the end of the experiment stage, the open-ended answers received from the students regarding the model proposal were analyzed with content analysis method. As a result of the research, the pre-test and post-test performance rating scores of the participating students were compared, and significant differences were found in their violin performances for the traditional performance of the maqam Huzzam. Furthermore, it was seen in the weekly observation forms that the students were successful in traditional performance and, according to the student opinions obtained after the experiment, it was found that the model proposal for maqam Huzzam encouraged learning. In the light of the results, it is recommended that researchers develop models in future studies and expand the scope of the research to include different maqams.